Power Amplifier

Treatment LCD Monitor. At this time computer use familiar and already widely used either for work or entertainment. And of course when talking about computers it will not be far away with a device called a monitor. And today use CRT monitors have started to decrease with the LCD Monitor that despite having a price that is quite expensive but have many advantages than conventional CRT monitors. Here are a few advantages of LCD monitor is a stylish design, flat screen and a brighter color than convex or crt monitor screen, while also LCD Monitors have many advantages among which have a high resolution so that it can help many people especially those working Visual design field. There are some special treatment for LCD monitors in this case is for the treatment of LCD monitors, the following are some steps steps: Use the LCD as needed, Do not use if you do not need so-necessary and do not use it 24 hours nonstop jedanya have no time for any electronic item there during his lifetime (Lifet...

3 Band Tone Control circuit uses an op-amp as an amplifier end. Tone Control circuit is a regulator of tone bass, midrange and treble or 3 band called because it can set the three tones. Filter circuit is applied to the series of "Tone Control 3 band" This type baxandal like the title of this article.  Results filtering regulator tone or tone control baxandal type is good, because there is no signal level is wasted directly into the ground. Range frequency tones generated from Tone Control 3 band was determined by the configuration of the R and C of the filter section baxandal. As an amplifier on Tone Control The set of three band use traditional IC LF351 has slewrate high and high input impedance. For more details, series 3 Band Tone Control as follows. Figure Series 3 Band Tone Control 3 Band Tone Control circuit above using LF351 Op-Amp is used to strengthen the signal after filtering by the filter process baxandal. Level tone Bass, Midrange and Treble settings are determi...

Video amplifier circuit is simple and can be used. Video amplifier circuit was constructed from 2 pieces of transistors BC550 and BC560. The source voltage used for supplying the video amplifier circuit is 5VDC. Video amplifier circuit is equipped with a powerful regulator which flows through both transistors T1 and T2, the components used to manage these flows are P1 and P2. Video Amplifier Circuit Diagrams Then the video amplifier circuit is also equipped with limiting the maximum current that passes through T1 and T2. The components in black block functions as limiting the maximum current that is passed by the T1 and T2 for no more than 5mA.

Amplifier circuit here is all based on the ic in the gains. Three IC TA7230P, TA7236P, TA7237AP is intregated circuit (IC) which was applied to the power amplifier. Each IC has a different output, different input voltage, all IC TA7230P, TA7236P, TA7237AP is manufactured by Toshiba. TA7230P, TA7236P, TA7237AP amplifier schematic

Amplifier circuit here is all based on the ic in the gains. Three IC TA7230P, TA7236P, TA7237AP is intregated circuit (IC) which was applied to the power amplifier. Each IC has a different output, different input voltage, all IC TA7230P, TA7236P, TA7237AP is manufactured by Toshiba. You can see maximum minimum voltage , power output , and other here TA7230P, TA7236P, TA7237AP amplifier schematic

Overview of IC LM2917 as Frequency to Voltage Converter IC LM2917 IC chip is designed specifically as a Frequency to Voltage Converter or Frequency to Voltage converter. In its use to applications Frequency to Voltage Converter IC LM2917 requires few external components. There are several examples of applications of Frequency to Voltage Converter IC LM2917 is supplied in the LM2917 IC datahseet. In this article series Frequency to Voltage Converter IC also taken from the LM2917 datasheet. The advantages of single chip LM2917 Frequency to Voltage Converter is able to provide instantaneous volt output o at time of frequency change 0 Hz. Very easy to apply in measuring the output frequency with the formulation of single-chip Frequency to Voltage Converter VOUT = FIN x VCC x R1 x C1. Then the single-chip LM2917 Frequency to Voltage Converter This configuration requires only the RC only in frequncy doublings. And has an internal zener regulator to aimlessly accuracy and stability in frequen...

Changing the voltage to frequency scale in the design of an electronic device is sometimes necessary. The series of articles voltage to frequency converter with the XR 4151 is one answer. Voltage to Frequency converter circuit with the XR 4151 is the idea of time in college, when there are projects to create a tool to hatch chicken eggs. It will be my neighbor also write articles incubators chicken egg-based microcontroller AT89C2051. Maybe there are friends who still remember to this project. Back to the topic of voltage to frequency converter circuit with the XR 4151. IC XR 4151 is a major component of voltage to frequency converter (Voltage to Frequency Converter). From voltage to frequency converter circuit with XR 4151 on the input signal circuit is a DC voltage level. IC XR4151 on voltage to frequency converter circuit serves to convert the voltage level coming into form in the development of the frequency change, where the output frequency range of voltage to frequency converter...

Car Amplifier Care Tips Amplifier that work as one of the pillars of car audio does have ipandang performance that can not be underestimated. so we need to know a few things to keep our car amplifiers are not easily damaged. The following tips for creating a durable amplifier. 1. To install an amplifier on the audio systems in vehicles to avoid amplifier from moisture, the way while avoiding the base of potential placement into water vapor. so do not get into the inside of the amplifier resulting in damage to the components inside. 2. There is a good amplifier is used or not stored in a long time alias stored in a warehouse because after all the components within it requires a flow of current in accordance with nature as Conductor supply current to the driver other car audio. 3. Inside the vehicle, an amplifier should also be checked periodically, this is to find out the connection cable attached to the amplifier, amplifier kondiso also working actively to your car audio system.

Entertainment in the form of music, news or even movies, generated from a series of audio devices found in a car. The series device known as a car audio system. What tool or device contained in car audio system? Car Head Unit - Head unit is the core of a car audio system, part of the car audio system that plays sound. The continued development of technology makes the head unit is no longer only serve as a radio receiver FM / AM CD player and a player, some have additional functions to be able to play MP3s. There is also a car head unit that has the ability to play DVDs complete with monitors and can be connected with IPOD. Power Amplifier - The function of the power amplifier is to amplify the signal coming out of the head unit. In the world of various types of car audio power amplifiers are divided into several classes, such as class A, B, AB, and D. Each class power amplifier has the advantage that its usefulness can be tailored to our needs in building a car audio system. In additio...

Humidity Sensors with SHT11. SHT11 Humidity Sensors is a single chip relative humidity and temperature sensors with multi-sensor module that has been calibrated digital output. Section included a polymer capacity as eleman for relative humidity sensors and a ribbon strain used as temperature sensors. Output of both sensors are combined and connected on 14-bit ADC and a serial interface on a single chip the same. The sensor output signal aimlessly good with a fast response time. SHT11 Humidity Sensor was calibrated at room denagn humidity accurately using as a reference hygrometer. Calibration coefficients have been programmed into the OTP memory. Coefficient will be used to Calibration output from the sensor during the measurement process. Humidity Sensors Diagram Block Sensor system used to measure temperature and humidity are SHT11 Humidity Sensors with 5 Volt voltage source and bidirectonal 2-wire communication. This sensor system has a data pa...

The series of Universal PIC Programmer can be used with software IC-Prog 1:05. Universal PIC programmer circuit is very simple with BC337 transistor 1 fruit, 2 pieces of IC regulators 7805 and 7808 as well as supporting passive components. Universal PIC Programmer series can be supplied with 2 pieces of 9V batteries. For communication with computer circuit Universal PIC Programmer uses a serial RS232 port of computer. Then for the PIC to be programmed provided 5 lanes for the PIC that is DATA, Clock, Vpp, Vcc and Ground. For more details, can be directly seen in the figure below. Universal PIC programmer circuit diagram The series of Universal PIC Programmer can be used to program the PIC family of 16F84A series, 12C509, 16C765 and the other. Hopefully this series of Universal PIC Programmer can help for friends who want to make PIC programmer.

Solid state relay is a series that functions like a relay hibryd mechanics. Solid state relays is built with insulating an MOC for separate the input and the switch. With Solid state relays we can avoid the occurrence of sparks as it did in the relay can also avoid the occurrence of conventional connection is not perfect because porous contactor as in conventional relays. The series of solid state relays This is quite simple and we can make in a PCB hole. For more details can be seen in the picture following a series of solid state relays. Solid State Relay Circuit Diagram Solid state relay has many advantages including no mechanical friction on the contactor, the connection process only occur when there are crosses zero, there is no spark at the contactor, not noisy, small konsusi flow control, better endurance.

The series of light switches this time slightly different from the voltage of work. The series of light switches can work directly on the AC power network. Light switches are using the main component of TRIAC and LDR. The circuit is very simple and the components were sold in the market. If you want a light reception sensitivity of this circuit can be arranged then the 3.3 MOhm resistor can be replaced with a variable resistor. For more details can be seen from the following series of images. Circuit Diagram With Triac Light Switch series is prisipkerjanya as dimers, but dimers control performed by the reception of light around the LDR. The lower the intensity cayaha received LDR then semkin bright lights. For installation LDR need to be considered so as not exposed to light from the lamp directly.

Cheap electronics component for amplifier application, it is simple to be made for speaker active . The sound quality even this  Mini Amplifier TDA2030 quite satisfactory for a portable audio system. "The series of Mini Amplifier TDA 2030 "The series of mini amplifie can reproduce the power output of 14 Watt with 8 Ohm speaker load. The series of mini-amplifier can be supplied with ource voltage of 12 volts - 15 volts DC. more details, see the following series of pictures. Daftar komponen Resistor: - R1: 150KΩ - R2: 4.7KΩ - R3: 100KΩ - R4: 1Ω 1W - RA/RB: 100KΩ Capacitor - C1: 1µF / 25V - C2: 2.2µF / 25V - C3: 100nF - C4: 22µF / 25V - C5: 100 µF / 25V - C6: 220nF - C7: 2200µF / 35V IC / Dioda - IC1: TDA2...

Battery Level Monitor Circuit This simple circuit can monitor the charging process in 12 Volt Lead Acid battery or Tubular battery. The status of LED indicates whether the battery is accepting charge or not. It also indicates the full charge condition. Battery Level Monitor Circuit Diagram The circuit can be incorporated in any battery charger like 6 volt, 9 volt, 12 volt etc. The only change needed is replacement of the Zener ZD with appropriate value. That is for 6 volt charger , use 6.1 volt Zener and for 9 volt charger it should be 9.1 volt Zener. The circuit is based on the switching of two NPN transistors (BC547) to drive the corresponding LED. Zener diode ZD is connected to the base of T1 so as to switch on T1 when the Zener conducts. This happens only when the battery voltage is above 12 volts. Green LED lights when the battery voltage is normal or battery attains full charge. Resistor R1 and Preset VR adjust the base bias of T1 for smooth switching. When T1 conducts, base of T...

Sensor Accelerometer MMA 3201 is a sensor used to measure the acceleration of motion of the payload when the payload was launched until the payload is delivered to the home again, Sensor Accelerometer MMA 3201 has a resistance to the gravitational force of 20g on the axis X and axis Y. Sensor Output Accelerometer MMA 3201 is still in the form of analog data so that the need for an ADC to process the data. Data released by Sensor Accelerometer MMA 3201 is a linear form of X and Y axis, the second determines the acceleration motion data payload. Accelerator sensor with MMA 3201 Feature Sensor Accelerometer MMA 3201 Sensitivity in two separate axes: 40g X-axis and 40g Y-axis Integral Signal Conditioning Linear Output Ratiometric Performance 4th Order Bessel Filter Preserves Pulse Shape Integrity Calibrated Self-test Low Voltage Detect, Clock Monitor, and EPROM Parity Check status Transducer Hermetically Sealed at Wafer Level for Superior Reliability Robust Design, High Shocks Survivabilit...

PIR movement sensor module (Passive Infra Red) motion detection sensor AMN12111 is the smallest of objects the size of its shape. PIR motion sensor module (Passive Infra Red) AMN12111 fresneal come equipped with a lens. PIR motion sensor module (Passive Infra Red) AMN12111 has advantages can be directly connected to the microcontroller or other actuator driver. PIR movement sensor module (Passive Infra Red) AMN12111 has a sensitivity that is very sensitive to changes in motion around it. PIR movement sensor module (Passive Infra Red) AMN12111 very suitable when applied to security systems. The price of the PIR movement sensor module (Passive Infra Red) AMN12111 not quite expensive. readily available in the market. For those of you who want to make a motion detection sensor. PIR movement sensor module (Passive Infra Red) AMN12111 is much easier and more practical than you have to make a series of Infra Red with the Tx and Rx.

CMPS03 Compass Module Overview Compass is a tool for navigation for a direction, a direction in this article referred to is the magnetic module CMPS03 Compas. Magnetic Compass Module CMPS03 often used in making robots in the contest. Magnetic Compass Module Functions in the contest  CMPS03 usually to provide a reference where the robots are in position and lead anywhere, then the position and direction provided by the Magnetic Compass Module reference sebgai CMPS03 the next robot motion. Magnetic Compass Module uses I2C data communication lines to mirokontroler. With adalanya I2C data communication lines from this CMPS03 this module can be connected directly to a microcontroller that suport with I2C data communication channels such as AVR ATMega. Magnetic Compass Module CMPS03 require 5 V voltage with 15mA current. CMPS03 Circuit Diagram Because the module using I2C Magnetic Compass CMPS03 we can use 5 lines are: VCC + 5 V on pin 1 SCL with Pull Up resistor 10 K SDA with Pull Up re...

Magnetometers are scientific instruments that are used to measure the direction and strength of magnetic fields in the location that the device is located. They are used both on Earth as well on space exploration missions due to the significant variations that are found in magnetic fields based on the nature of the environment, interaction of charged particles from the sun, and the magnetosphere. Why Are Magnetometers Used? Magnetometers are not just used to measure the local strength of a magnetic field, however, as they can also determine their own direction and orientation. Many times the design of a magnetometer will be tweaked to match the specific quality of the device that is more important to the user. Some magnetometers are designed with a sensitivity that is great enough to detect increased sun activity before it is detectable by a visual observer which can provide an early warning of adverse effects on communications equipment. The traditional use of a magnetometer is to obs...

Cal Sensors' has two new families of lead salt infrared detectors as well as the introduction of a new digital drive board. The new single channel detector (SCD) and multichannel detector (MCD) families provide sensitivity for a variety of infrared sensing applications. The SCD-13HV (single channel detector- high-value) PbS detectors are designed to meet requirements for high volume, cost-sensitive applications. SCD detectors provide sensitivity with typical D* from 9 x 1010 to 1.75 x 1011 Jones across the one to three micron wavelength range. Performance varies with element size and window type. All SCD-13HV products support a glass window or lens configuration. Three element sizes are available in industry standard packages for easy integration. For applications where size is critical, such as portable test equipment, the SCD-13HV line offers a 1 by 1 mm detector in a TO-46 can. Where greater field-of-view or larger element sizes are important, 2 and 3 mm square detector sizes ar...

One type of metal detector is a type of beat frequency oscillator (BFO). The methods used in metal detectors in general are changing the characteristics of the oscillator when there are close to the metal sensor. The detector works based on the resonant frequency that has been set change when there is a metal object is located quite close to the search coil sensors. Tuning circuit (tuned circuit) should be a part of our oscillator circuit so that if approached by a metal coil sensor specific hence the output frequency of the oscillation circuit is about to change. Variation changes the output frequency depends on the frequency chosen. The selection of the higher frequency will cause the circuit sensitivity increases because the greater the frequency change. Stay if the selection frequency is too high then the practice will produce a system that is not sensitive. This is because the high frequency of most will not be reflected back but will be absorbed by the soil, building materials. M...

The figure below shows the Configuration DAC With artificial MCS51 Microcontroller National Semiconductor, capacitors C1, C2 and form a series of 12 MHz XTAL oscillator, capacitor C3 and resistor R1 form a series reset. Digital scale is given to the B1 to B7 (leg 5 to 12) in the IC DAC0800, the binary value of the digital scale was converted into an analog magnitude of the current at IOUT (ft 4 DAC0800) and IOUT * (feet 2 DAC0800), then by IC Operational Amplifier LM741 flow is converted into voltage. The resulting voltage expressed by the formula shown in Figure below, in addition to depending on a digital scale weight value is given, this voltage depends on the size of Vref (DAC0800 14 feet). figure.1 DAC With MCS5 Microcontroller C3 is mounted on leg 16 and ground is useful for stabilizing the voltage generated. DAC0800 and LM741 using voltage source +12 Volt and -12 Volt, is somewhat different from the voltage that is usually used for digital circuits, so that digital signals can ...

Digital Thermometer 0-100.0°C is a digital thermometer that operates in modetemperature measurement in Celsius (° C). Digital Thermometer 0-100.0 ° C in this article uses data processor in the form of a microcontroller AT89C4051. Temperature sensors used in Digital Thermometer 0-100.0 ° C. This temperature sensor LM35D. Digital Thermometer 0-100.0 ° C. It uses the temperature measurement data viewer in the form of 1 line LCD viewer. Digital Thermometer 0-100.0 ° C. It can display the temperature measurement data with a resolution of 0.1 ° C. Digital Thermometer Circuit Diagram Digital Thermometer 0-100.0 ° C. These temperature sensors make use of LM35D as temperature sensing. In Digital Thermometer 0-100.0 ° C. This temperature sensor measurement data this LM35D (Level Voltage) is then converted into 4-bit binary data using the ADC CA3162. Then the 4-bit data from ADC CA3162 which is a measurement of data if the temperature is in the AT89C4951 microcontroller so that it becomes an oper...

Temperature and humidity sensors used are SHT75. This sensor is a chip that can measure temperature and humidity as well. The use of these sensors with consideration of its small size and reliability. The output of this sensor has the form of digital data in the chip because it has been there for a 14bit ADC. Temperature measurement range between -40-123,8 º C and humidity between 0-100% Rh. Measurement accuracy reaches ± 0.3 per increase of 25 º C for temperature and ± 1.8% RH for humidity. Temperature and humidity sensor The default measurement resolution of this sensor is 14 bits to 12 bits and temperature sensors for humidity sensors, can also use only 12 bit resolution and 8 bits.

Colpitts oscillator is very similar to the shunt-fed Hartley oscillator. The principal difference is in the tank circuit. In the Colpitts oscillator, two capacitors are used as replacement coils are divided. Basic oscillator Feedback oscillator colpitts developed using the "electrostatic field" through the capacitor divider network. Oscillator Colpitts Colpitts oscillator frequency is determined by two capacitors connected in series and inductors. Voltage to the base provided by R1 and R2 while for emiitor given by R4. Collector voltage given back by connecting to the positive part of the VCC through R3. This resistor (R3) also functions as a collector load. Transistor is connected with the emitter-joint configuration. When the DC power supplied to the circuit, current flows from the negative part of V CC through R4, Q1 and R3. IC currents flowing through R3 causes a decrease in the voltage VC with a positive price. Voltage changes to negative direction are supplied to the to...

The circuit is useful to strengthen the voice on the headphones, which is where the headphones have a stereo output is used and paralleled to some headphones. The circuit is based on the TDA2822 amplifier circuit modified to ampifier headphones. Amplifier for Paralelling Headphone In the amplifier circuit I do not put potensio meter to adjust the size of the desired sound on headphones, I just give constraints on two 33K resistors so that the voice issued not too hard. But if you want to make the sound volume settings, you can replace the 33K resistor with potensio meters or trimpot with resistance at 50K. Input voltage in the circuit I took it from a usb DVD, PC, which berkeluaran voltage 5 V DC, which can supply chain so it can work with the good. To parallel his headphones can be seen below... Paralel Headphone Wiring Diagram

The series is a series of input buffer equal to the output. In this is such a common collector circuit of air-reinforcement = 1. R value attached to restrict the current use is issued. Great value depends on the indication of its components, is usually not installed or flow is maximized in accordance with the op-amp capability. Buffer circuit here serves to reinforce the clock signal and synchronization for robust enough to be transmitted through a cable with a considerable distance. buffer circuit should have a fairly low output impedance. because the synchronization clock line and this is the track "bus" that is connected to a series of client (branch) in parallel. output current should also be quite large, so as to move a few branches. output buffer in addition to pulse and synchronization signals can also be used as a source of supply. Buffer circuit using Darlington pairs that have the advantage as expected above. strengthening the buffer is quite high. R base serves as ...

Ultrasonic Wave Receiver Ultrasonic recipients will receive an ultrasonic signal emitted by an ultrasonic transmitter in accordance with the characteristic frequency. Received signal is going through the process of filtering using the frequency band pass filter circuit, with a frequency value that is passed has been determined. Then the output signal will be amplified and passed to the comparator circuit (comparator) with a reference voltage determined based on the amplifier output voltage when the distance between the sensor mini vehicles with bulkhead / retaining walls to reach the minimum distance for the turn direction. Comparator output can be considered under these conditions is high (logic '1 '), while longer distances are low (logica'0'). Binary logics are then forwarded to the circuit controller (microcontroller). The working principle of ultrasonic wave receiver circuit are as follows: First - the first received signal will be strengthened first by the circuit...

Low pass filter is a low-pass filter with low frequency signals but attenuates (reduces the amplitude of) signals with frequencies higher than cutoff frequency. The actual amount of damping for each frequency varies from filter to Filtering. Sometimes called-high-cut filter, or treble cut filter when used in audio applications. Low-low pass filter is the opposite of the band-pass filter. Low Pass Filter Basic Circuit The concept of low-pass filter exists in many forms, including electronic circuits (like a hiss filter used in audio), digital algorithms for smoothing data sets, acoustic barriers, blurring the image, and so forth.

Multivibrator is a relaxation oscillator type. This circuit uses the RC network and the region contribute to the square wave output. Astabel multivibrator used in the TV receiver to control the electron beam on the picture tube. In this series of computers used to develop the pulse time. Astabil Multivibrator circuit HOW TO WORK A multibrator consists of two cross-coupled amplifier. The amplifier output is one connected to another amplifier wedding. Because each penguata reverse input signal, the combined effect of this is in the form of positive feedback. With the feedback posotif, the oscillator will always get the extra energy (regenerative) and produces a continuous output. The picture above shows the multivibrator circuit using 2 pieces of bipolar transistors with common emitter configuration. R1 and R2 provide bias voltage developed at the base of each transistor. Holding capacitor C1 to the base collector Q1 Q2. Q2 together with capacitor C2 to the base of Q1. Because of this cr...

AM Transmitter circuit  To this powerful AM transmitters are huge, using ceramic tuning 3.587 mhz resonator and resonator filters are also sold with a value of 5.5 mhz, 7.7 mhz and 10.7 mhz. Distance transmitter range is approximately 2-4 km. the working principle of this circuit are filter resonator/ceramic filters raise the frequency of the value of the resonator filter. This frequency is amplified by the transistor can be changed t1. Frequency so need C7 as a regulator / placement. sound signal superimposed over the audio transformer.frekuensi which awakened by resonator filters and t1 is fed to the next amplify strengthened so as to achieve the desired power passed to antenna. t2 and t3 as a buffer as a final power amp. AM Transmitter Schematics AM radio / receiver circuit For AM radio because it's hard to find IC ZN 414 then now could be replaced with the equivalent of IC MK 484. Frequency coverage between 550 kHz-1600 mhz...